What is the Protein Catalytic Part of an Enzyme Without Cofactor?

What is an Enzyme?

An enzyme is a type of protein that acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions. It speeds up the chemical processes that occur in the body and helps break down large molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Enzymes can be found in all living cells and are vital for life.

What is a Cofactor?

A cofactor is a small molecule that helps an enzyme bind to its substrate and catalyze a reaction. Cofactors can be either metal ions or small organic molecules and can be either required for the enzyme to function or dramatically increase its activity.

What is the Protein Catalytic Part of an Enzyme Without Cofactor?

The protein catalytic part of an enzyme without a cofactor is known as an apoenzyme. Apoenzymes are the inactive forms of enzymes, which need to bind to a cofactor to become active. Without a cofactor, the apoenzyme is unable to catalyze any reaction.

How Does an Apoenzyme Become Active?

An apoenzyme can become active by binding to a cofactor. The cofactor binds to the apoenzyme in a specific location known as the active site. This binding changes the shape of the apoenzyme, allowing it to bind to its substrate and catalyze a reaction.

Conclusion

In summary, the protein catalytic part of an enzyme without a cofactor is known as an apoenzyme. Apoenzymes are inactive forms of enzymes and need to bind to a cofactor to become active. Once bound, the cofactor changes the shape of the apoenzyme, allowing it to bind to its substrate and catalyze a reaction.