What Causes Kala Azar?

What is Kala Azar?

Kala Azar, also known as Visceral Leishmaniasis, is a potentially fatal parasitic infection caused by the Leishmania donovani parasite. It is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world, and it is found in the Indian subcontinent, the Mediterranean and the Middle East.

What Causes Kala Azar?

Kala Azar is caused by the bite of an infected sandfly. The sandfly is a small, nocturnal insect that feeds on the blood of humans and animals. The sandfly is infected with the Leishmania donovani parasite, which is passed on to humans when the sandfly bites them. Once inside the body, the parasite multiplies and causes infection.

Who Is at Risk of Kala Azar?

Anyone can be at risk of Kala Azar, but the risk is higher for those living in rural areas, where sandfly populations are higher. Those with a weakened immune system, such as those living with HIV/AIDS, are also at a higher risk. Children are also more vulnerable to Kala Azar than adults.

How Is Kala Azar Treated?

Kala Azar is treatable, but early diagnosis and treatment is essential. Treatment often involves a combination of antimonials, antileishmanial drugs, or a combination of both. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove any abscesses or lesions caused by the infection.

Prevention of Kala Azar

The best way to prevent Kala Azar is to avoid being bitten by sandflies. This can be done by using insect repellents, wearing long-sleeved clothing, and sleeping under mosquito nets. It is also important to keep the environment free of standing water, as this is a breeding ground for sandflies.